Loadbalancer.org glossary
Layer 4
What do we mean by Layer 4?
Layer 4 is the transport layer. The primary protocols used are TCP and UDP.
These protocols are not aware of upper level protocols such as FTP, HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, RDP etc. Therefore, for layer 4 load balancing, the load balancer can only make load balancing decisions based on details available at layers 4 and below such as port numbers and IP addresses.